Nonetheless, assertion is primitive compared with the unit testing framework. JDK 1.4 provides an assertion feature (read Assertion), which enables you to test (or assert) your assumptions about your program logic (such as pre-conditions, post-conditions, and invariants).

Too many print statements cause the dreaded Scroll Blindness. This approach is not satisfactory because it requires human judgment to analyze the results produced. Prior to the arrival of 'unit testing framework', programmers tends to write test expressions which print to the console or a trace file (the amount of output is sometimes controlled by a trace-level or debug-level flag). Unit Testing is concerned about testing individual programs/classes to ascertain that each program/class runs as per specification.

Regression Test: Tests to ensure the a change (such as enhancement, patches or configuration change) does not break the system or introduce new faults.

Acceptance Test (or Functional Test): operate on a fully integrated system, testing against the user interface (e.g., HTML for browser or XML/JSON for web services).

Integration Test: Test a group of associated components/classes.

Unit Test: Test individual component/class in isolation.

The various type of software testings include:

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